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101.
本引入谐振子产生算符和湮没算符的逆算符,导出它们在Fock空间的表达式,并给出了一些简单应用。 相似文献
102.
103.
M. D. Zipper G. P. Simon P. Cherry A. J. Hill 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》1994,32(7):1237-1247
Homopolymers and blends of polycarbonate/ThermX have been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, density measurements, and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy. The study focuses on the chain mobility and free volume in the amorphous miscible regions of the blends and how this mobility and free volume are affected by increasing crystallinity. It is proposed that judicious annealing, which results in increasing crystallinity (while avoiding ageing or transesterification), induces a constraint on the amorphous region leading to an increase in Tg and coalescence of free volume sites. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
104.
Z. Yu U. Yahsi J. D. McGervey A. M. Jamieson R. Simha 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》1994,32(16):2637-2644
Positron annihilation lifetime measurements are reported for four monodisperse polystyrenes with molar mass M = 4,000, 9,200, 25,000, and 400,000. The temperature dependences of orthopositronium (o-Ps) lifetime (τ3) and intensity (I3) were measured from 5°C to Tg + 30°C for each sample. From these data, the free volume hole size, 〈vf(τ3)〉, and fractional free volume hps=CI3〈vf(τ3)〉 were calculated. The temperature dependences of τ3, 〈vf(τ3)〉 and hps show a discrete change in slope at an effective glass transition temperature, Tg,ps, which is measurably below the conventional bulk Tg. This suggests that τ3 is sensitive to large holes which retain their liquid-like mobility in the glassy state. Good agreement was found for T > hg,ps between hps and the theoretical free volume fraction hth deduced from experimental P-V-T data for polystyrene using the statistical mechanical theory of Simha and Somcynsky. Below Tg,ps, deviations between hps and hth are observed, hps falling increasingly below hth as temperature decreases. Whereas hps and hth depend strongly on M in the melt, each essentially independent of M in the glass. A free volume quantity, computed from the bulk volume, which is in good numerical agreement with the Simha-Somcynsky h-function in the melt, gives improved agreement with hps in the glassy state. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
105.
We have directly measured the free-volume hole distributions in semicrystalline polypropylene by positron lifetime annihilation spectroscopy. A Laplace inversion technique was engaged to analyze the positron lifetime spectra measured under quasi-isotropic external pressures of 0, 4.2, and 14.7 kbar into continuous lifetime distributions. The hole radii distributions as determined from the ortho-positronium lifetime distributions are found to be between 4.0 and 0.5 Å and to have maxima at 3.0, 1.9, and 1.1 Å under the external pressures of 0, 4.2, and 14.7 kbar, respectively. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
106.
Liang B. Liu David Gidley Albert F. Yee 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》1992,30(3):231-238
Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) is used to probe structural changes in glassy polycarbonate in terms of changes in the hole volume and the number density of holes during fatigue (cyclic stress) aging. The ortho-positronium (o-Ps) pickoff annihilation lifetime τ3, as well as the intensity I3, were measured as a function of cyclic stresses and various previous thermophysical aging histories. It is found that τ3, the longest of the three lifetime components resolved in the PALS of glassy polycarbonate, increases when a cyclic stress is applied. These results indicate that there is a structural change during fatigue aging. The “holes” where o-Ps can localize become larger upon fatigue aging. These results also suggest that a significant distinction exists between structural changes induced by thermophysical aging and fatigue aging. The o-Ps annihilation intensity, which is a relative measure of the hole density in a material, showed a continuous decrease upon fatigue aging, indicating the possibility of hole coalescence, which could be a precursor of crazing. The interaction between thermophysical aging and fatigue aging corresponds very well with the enthalpy relaxation behavior as reported previously, viz., a well-aged sample is much more sensitive to cyclic stress. More importantly, it is hypothesized that fatigue failure initiation is probably closely related to hole size and density fluctuation. 相似文献
107.
本文用正电子湮没技术对等离子体喷涂铜基合金压缩形变的微观缺陷进行了测量。对等离子体喷涂合金,随着压缩量的增加,正电子寿命变短,这一现象与常规合金中观察到的情况相反。 相似文献
108.
双参数变形玻色湮没算符高次幂的本征态及其量子统计性质 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本文构造了双参数变形玻色湮没算符高次幂a'k(k≥3)的k个正交归一木征态的数学结构,发现它们能构成一个完备的Hilbert空间,并且讨论了它们的量子统计性质. 相似文献
109.
L. V. Levshin G. A. Ketsle G. V. Mel’nikov Yu. D. Lantukh 《Journal of Applied Spectroscopy》1997,64(5):639-641
Investigation of deactivation processes in triplet states of a series of aromatic hydrocarbon molecules (antracene, 1,2-benzantracene,
and 3,4-benzpyrene) made it possible to reveal the presence of triplet-triplet annihilation of the molecules in aqueous micellar
solutions of sodium dodecyl sulfate. It is shown that the effect of microheterogeneous solutions on the process of triplet-triplet
annihilation manifests itself in an increase in the probability of excimerization upon dissociation of triplet pairs of 1,2-benzantracene
and 3,4-benpyrene molecules compared to one-component solutions.
Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 5, pp. 626–628, September–October, 1997. 相似文献
110.